atcoder#AGC060B. [AGC060B] Unique XOR Path

[AGC060B] Unique XOR Path

Score : 700700 points

Problem Statement

We have a grid with NN rows and MM columns. You want to write an integer between 00 and 2K12^K-1 in each square in the grid to satisfy the following condition.

  • Consider a path that starts at the top-left square, repeatedly moves right or down to an adjacent square, and ends at the bottom-right square. Such a path is said to be good if and only if the total XOR\mathrm{XOR} of the integers written on the squares visited (including the starting and ending points) is 00.
  • There is exactly one good path, which is the path represented by a string SS. The path represented by the string SS is a path that, for each ii (1iN+M21 \leq i \leq N+M-2), the ii-th move is right if the ii-th character of SS is R and down if that character is D.

Determine whether there is a way to write integers that satisfies the condition.

For each input file, solve TT test cases.

What is bitwise $\mathrm{XOR}$?

The bitwise $\mathrm{XOR}$ of non-negative integers $A$ and $B$, $A \oplus B$, is defined as follows.

  • When $A \oplus B$ is written in binary, the $k$-th lowest bit ($k \geq 0$) is $1$ if exactly one of the $k$-th lowest bits of $A$ and $B$ is $1$, and $0$ otherwise.
For instance, 3 \oplus 5 = 6 (in binary: 011 \oplus 101 = 110).
Generally, the bitwise \mathrm{XOR} of k non-negative integers p_1, p_2, p_3, \dots, p_k is defined as (\dots ((p_1 \oplus p_2) \oplus p_3) \oplus \dots \oplus p_k), which can be proved to be independent of the order of p_1, p_2, p_3, \dots, p_k.

Constraints

  • 1T1001 \leq T \leq 100
  • 2N,M302 \leq N,M \leq 30
  • 1K301 \leq K \leq 30
  • SS is a string containing exactly N1N-1 Ds and M1M-1 Rs.
  • All numbers in the input are integers.

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

TT

case1case_1

case2case_2

\vdots

caseTcase_T

Each case is in the following format:

NN MM KK

SS

Output

For each case, print Yes if there is a way to write integers that satisfies the condition, and No otherwise. Each character in the output may be either uppercase or lowercase.

4
2 2 1
RD
4 3 1
RDDDR
15 20 18
DDRRRRRRRDDDDRRDDRDRRRRDDRDRDDRRR
20 15 7
DRRDDDDDRDDDRRDDRRRDRRRDDDDDRRRDD
Yes
No
Yes
No

As an example, for the first case, you can make the grid as follows.

11
00